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Now that you have looked at using the uname command to gather information about the version of UNIX that is being used, you need a method for using this information in a shell script. As you saw in Chapter 21, “Problem Solving With Functions,” creating a shell function that determines the version of UNIX gives the greatest flexibility. A shell function that returns the operating system type is as follows: getOSName() { case uname -s in *BSD) echo bsd ;; SunOS) case uname -r in 5.*) echo solaris ;; *) echo sunos ;; esac ;; Linux) echo linux ;; HP-UX) echo hpux ;; AIX) echo aix ;; *) echo unknown ;; esac } As you can see, this function is not very complicated. It checks the output of uname -s and looks for a match. In the case of SunOS, it also checks the output of uname -r to determine whether the operating system is Solaris or SunOS. In many cases, you need to tailor the options of a command, such as ps or df, so that the command can generate the desired output. In such cases, you need the capability to “ask” whether the operating system is of a certain type. A shell function that performs this task follows: isOS() { if [ $# -lt 1 ] ; then echo “ERROR: Insufficient Aruments.” >&2 return 1 fi REQ= echo $1 | tr ‘[A-Z]’ ‘[a-z]’ if [ “$REQ” = ” getOSName ” ] ; then return 0 ; fi return 1 } This function compares its first argument to the output of the function getOSName and returns 0 (true) if they are the same; otherwise, it returns 1 (false). Using this function, you write if statements of the following type: if isOS hpux ; then
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following output: SunOS 4.1.3 Determining the Hardware Type Sometimes a shell script is written as a wrapper around a hardware-specific program. For example, install scripts are usually the same for different hardware platforms supported by a particular operating system. Although the install script might be the same for every hardware platform, the files that are installed are usually different. To determine the hardware type, use the -m option of the uname command: $ uname -m sun4m Some common return values and their hardware types are given in Table 23.3. Table 23.3 Hardware Types Returned by the uname Command Hardware Description 9000/xxx Hewlett-Packard 9000 series workstation. Some common values of xxx are 700, 712, 715, and 750. i386 Intel 386-, 486-, Pentium-, or Pentium II-based workstation. sun4x A Sun Microsystems workstation. Some common values of x are c (SparcStation 1 and 2), m (SparcStation 10 and 20), and u (UltraSparc). alpha A workstation based on the Digital Electronics Corporation ALPHA microprocessor. Determining the hostname of a System Many shell scripts need to check the hostname of a system. The traditional method of doing this on BSD systems is to use the hostname command, as in the following example: $ hostname soda.CSUA.Berkeley.EDU In System V, the hostname command is not always available. The uname -n command is used instead: $ uname -n kashi Because the uname -n command is available on both System V and BSD UNIX, it is preferred for use in portable shell scripts. Determining the UNIX Version Using a Function
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